Classical Chinese · Chinese philosophy

xin

Heard as shin (Mandarin xīn)

Period
Warring States onward
Semantic range
Heart-mind: thinking, knowing, desire, emotion, intention, ethical cultivation.
What it can mean
The organ and process that guides a person, integrating affect and cognition.
What it should not be equated with
Not the ancient Chinese word for consciousness. Its importance is the different partition.
Primary or early source
Mengzi, Zhuangzi, Xunzi, later Wang Yangming.
Scholarly source
SEP Mind (Heart-Mind) in Chinese Philosophy.
Relation to other terms
A parallel territory. Heart and mind were not two words that later needed joining.